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The theory of relativity is the greatest triumph ever achieved by the discipline called fantasy. When it was proposed in 1905 has destroyed the traditional concepts of space and time, energy and matter. Twelve years later, expanded version of its disputed the theory of gravitation, Newton, and replaced it with the concept of curved space. His mathematical expressions reveals some of the deepest secrets of nature. One of his equations was the backbone of the atomicAge.

Physicists have a special respect for the theory of relativity, because unlike other theories that fade with time, relativity become more relevant today than in his early years. The blacks holes, expanding universe, the Big Bang theory, which borrows heavily from all of the theory of relativity.

Relativity chief architect was Albert Einstein, a brilliant scientist, a concerned citizen, and a warm human being. E 'was good for nothing student, wrote regulated learning hated his youth. Hehoned his strong concentration of activities and skills in mathematics with the necessary tools to investigate the secrets of nature. Throughout his life he was crowned Prince of scientists and called the "master-guru" of science and the father of the atomic age.

The theory of relativity is the property of almost all physical entities in the universe. It 's the most amazing discovery ever made by man. Einstein is undoubtedly for this wonderful discovery crowned.Before Einstein, scientists were puzzled. Sometimes the experiments have shown that the earth is at rest, but in the meantime some other experiment, denied this fact. The truth was unknown. Einstein said that both findings are correct, depends only on the fact that, from what angle you see the problem.

In 1905, Einstein proposed his theory of relativity. "

Relativity is a theory, but these are two theories that the theory of general relativity (1916 AD) "and" TheoryThe theory of relativity (1905 AD) "He said that rest and motion are relative size, and then generalizes the words:" Every physical quantity is related to other physical quantity. "

First I will explain what "relativity." Relativity is a property that all physical quantities of the universe is connected. Take an example. When we say that the car is moving, how can we get such a result? In fact, it compares the position of the vehicle with its environment. We, Noted that the road and the trees are at rest, and only the self is constantly changing its position in relation to its surroundings. If nothing exists in the area of ​​the car, we can never determine its movement, 'on' the word must be assigned to all physical quantities for its full description.

Now take another example, assume two cars are moving side by side with equal speed. These cars are at peace with them, but they areMovement in relation to their environment. Therefore, it is. It can be concluded that there is no such thing as "absolute calm" or "absolute motion" to be. Movement, speed or velocity is all relative. When we moved to a space rocket, the rocket is 200,000 km / h Shoot, has reached a point where it is completely dark and no celestial body in the area, then you can not measure the speed at all.

In short, there is an experiment to determine the degree itself, the movement of a body in relationabsolute space. It 'was this simple concept of relativity, which led to the development of the theory's most successful thought experiment based on the theory of special relativity "

in order to detect radio waves experiment of Michelson-Morley later proved to be the largest of all the negative results in the history of science. The constancy of the speed of light, as suggested by their experiment was a mystery to many scientists and an aberration of nature. But to Albert Einstein, 2006years, used the patent office in Bern, Switzerland, was a manifestation of a general law, which had become a pillar of his theory of relativity. In his history of 1905, "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" Einstein rejected the concept of ether and with it the Newtonian concepts of absolute space and time. He suggested, however, alter the observed mass, length and time, according to the relative motion between the observer and the system under observation.

The special Basic principles, theory of relativity is based on two. The first is that the speed of light is the same, no matter how it is measured. The second is that all the laws of nature are equally respected in all inertia! System, ie those which are at constant speed relative to each other. As a result, the image of the universe through the window of a fast moving rocket launcher has been distorted to some extent, this depends on the speed. On slow> Picture of the universe is not seen in a different way than the other, relativity and Newtonian physics are so united. At high speed, but not of Newtonian physics in their predictions and descriptions of the universe. It is therefore incorrect to state that the universe of relativity displaced Newtonian picture. Just add that some very specific situations.

The relativity theory is in fact a great many sentences with 'Unreal' as the mass and length ofan object depending on its speed'7 of how and why we should slow down a clock in motion, this is undoubtedly revolutionary ideas that lead to "common sense. But Einstein said that common sense is nothing but a set of prejudices experience psychic collected from everyday life since his childhood experiences of these events are only a small fraction of the vast and rich variety of universal service. The injury is that no matter how and where time is measured, clocks tickthe same extent. The theory of relativity, however, is that the faster a clock moves slowly, is ticking. The theory of relativity also states that a moving rod shrinks more and more in the direction of movement increases its speed. The mass of a moving object is growing rapidly, another proposition "unreal."

Relativity helps us to keep the error of any kind of absolute rest and absolute motion frame of reference. Then, in the absence of a universal reference stationary, all the movementson. In the early centuries of the earth was assumed to be stationary and was used as a universal symbol. We know that the Earth rotates on its axis at a speed of 20 kilometers per second. In addition, the orbits around the Sun at a speed of 1,000 mph. But there is more movement of the earth. Our solar system is moving at a speed of 13 kilometers per second within the local star system. Our local star system is moving with a speed of 200 kilometers per second within the galaxy and our galaxy is moving withina local group of galaxies at 100 kilometers per second are questions sp;

What is the actual speed of Earth7 terms of what landmark.9 In the absence of a universal absolute reference coordinate system in which these questions are not answered in direction'7 What!

Fizeau experiment showed that no light is transmitted at the time, but has a finite speed. This was the final blow to the long-standing notion of a universal 'now'. We allknow that the night sky is a picture of the old over the years, thousands or even millions, because it is light-years distant stars to us. The image of the night sky, the "now" is for us the story to the stars. Some of the stars we see may not even exist anymore, younger stars whose light has not reached us, are not in the picture yet.

The end of a universal "now" has led to the end of another time universal concept: the universalSimultaneity. Two events that are simultaneously present observer not minutes, days or even years away, to another observer. Simultaneity with all the gifts of the theory of relativity will be explained and criticized later in the text, but here I give a touch of light, all these functions are then considered later.

Thus we see another, perhaps the most fascinating phenomena occur in the theory of relativity, the slowing of clocks in motion, which is now calledExpansion. To understand how this can happen, consider the following event. Suppose a light clock in front of you. At this stage we can not know what is a light and watch how it works, but the things you can Imagine getting two mirrors placed opposite each other and a small ray of light is reflected back and forth, so that each return pulse of light is the unit of clock time. If the clock at rest, you will see the light pulse to travel up andCome and go straight along the length of the light clock. This hypothetical product is considered to be very precise. If the clock is relative, you will start to move, you see the light pulse that travels on a slippery slope and the length of time units the clock seems to be longer if it was in relative peace. This phenomenon will be discussed in depth later, but here you just go with that kind of thought experiment, like most things based on them. Specialand general relativity are the best examples of using thought experiments.

Special relativity was created to present a thought experiment in which Einstein recovery than the speed of light. The principle of the constancy of the speed of light for all observers, which is a cornerstone of special relativity follows from Einstein's conclusion that no such event would be possible.

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